Plastic surgery includes many surgical options that can reshape, repair, or support the face and body. Some procedures are cosmetic, which means they are chosen to improve appearance. Others are reconstructive, which means they help restore form or function after injury, cancer, birth differences, burns, or medical conditions.
There are many concerns why people in Canada search for plastic surgery. For some people, the goal is to look more refreshed. Others want to restore body shape after pregnancy, weight loss, or aging. Plastic surgery may also help after trauma, skin cancer, breast cancer, or a congenital concern. Choosing the right procedure depends on anatomy, goals, cosmetic surgical procedures health, lifestyle, and recovery needs.
Below, you will find a clear overview of the main types of plastic surgery procedures in Canada, from facial surgery and breast surgery to body contouring, reconstructive surgery, and non-surgical cosmetic treatments. It also explains what to think about before booking a consultation.
Cosmetic Plastic Surgery vs. Reconstructive Plastic Surgery
The two main types of plastic surgery are usually cosmetic surgery and reconstructive surgery.
Cosmetic Surgery
Cosmetic surgery is used to improve or refine appearance. Elective cosmetic procedures are chosen by the patient and are not usually required for health reasons.
Common reasons for cosmetic plastic surgery include:
- Refining facial balance
- Improving visible signs of aging
- Improving body shape
- Replacing volume lost after weight change or pregnancy
- Refining the nose, eyelids, ears, lips, breasts, abdomen, arms, or thighs
- Helping clothing fit better
- Creating natural-looking changes that may support confidence
Across Canada, cosmetic plastic surgery is usually paid for by the patient. Costs may vary based on the procedure, surgeon, surgical facility, anesthesia, follow-up care, and location.
Reconstructive Plastic Surgery in Canada
Reconstructive surgery helps repair or restore form and function. It may be needed after cancer surgery, trauma, burns, infections, birth differences, or medical conditions.
Reconstructive plastic surgery may include:
- Breast reconstruction after removal of breast tissue
- Skin cancer reconstruction after skin cancer excision
- Cleft lip and palate reconstruction
- Burn reconstruction
- Hand reconstruction
- Scar treatment and revision
- Repair of wounds
- Reconstruction after facial trauma
- Repair of congenital differences
In Canada, some medically necessary reconstructive procedures may be covered by provincial health plans. Cosmetic procedures are usually not covered.
Facial Plastic Surgery Procedures
Facial plastic surgery may improve facial balance, soften signs of aging, and help restore a refreshed look. For many patients, the goal is not to look like another person. The best facial surgery results often look natural and balanced.
Facelift Procedure (Rhytidectomy)
A facelift, also called rhytidectomy, improves sagging in the lower face and jawline. It can help with jowls, loose facial skin, and deeper folds around the mouth.
Patients often consider facelift surgery for:
- Jowls along the jawline
- Lower-face loose skin
- Deeper folds around the mouth
- Cheek tissue that has dropped
- Loss of definition between the face and neck
Modern facelift surgery often focuses on deeper support layers under the skin. This may create a smoother, longer-lasting result without a pulled appearance. A facelift can be part of a larger facial rejuvenation plan that includes a neck lift, eyelid surgery, brow lift, or facial fat grafting.
Neck Lift Surgery (Platysmaplasty)
A neck lift can improve loose skin, muscle bands, and fullness under the chin. Platysmaplasty is the medical term for tightening the neck muscle.
Common reasons for neck lift surgery include:
- Neck bands
- Sagging neck skin
- An undefined jawline
- Submental fullness
- A neck that looks loose or heavy
Some patients need skin and muscle tightening. Others may benefit from liposuction under the chin. Since aging often affects both the face and neck, a facelift and neck lift may be done in one plan.
Eyelid Surgery, Also Called Blepharoplasty
Eyelid surgery or blepharoplasty helps refresh the eyes by removing or repositioning extra skin, fat, or tissue around the eyelids.
Upper eyelid surgery may help with:
- Heaviness in the upper eyelids
- Extra eyelid skin
- A tired-looking or aged appearance
- Skin resting on the eyelashes
- Visual field concerns in some medical situations
Patients may choose lower eyelid surgery for:
- Visible under-eye bags
- Puffy lower eyelids
- Extra lower eyelid skin
- Dark-looking shadows under the eyes
- A tired appearance that does not improve with sleep
Many patients choose eyelid surgery because small improvements around the eyes can make the whole face look more awake and rested.
Forehead Lift and Brow Lift Surgery
A brow lift, also known as a forehead lift, raises a low or heavy brow. A brow lift can make the upper eye area look more open and reduce forehead heaviness.
Common brow lift concerns include:
- A heavy, lowered brow
- A heavy upper eyelid look caused by brow position
- Horizontal forehead lines
- Creases between the eyebrows
- A facial expression that appears tired, sad, or serious
A brow lift is different from eyelid surgery. Eyelid surgery addresses extra eyelid skin, while a brow lift changes the position of the eyebrows. Many patients need either one procedure or the other, while some benefit from both.
Nose Surgery (Rhinoplasty)
A nose job, medically known as rhinoplasty, changes the shape, size, or structure of the nose. It may be cosmetic, functional, or both.
Rhinoplasty may address:
- A bump along the bridge of the nose
- Tip droop
- A broad or boxy tip
- A crooked nasal shape
- Nose size or projection
- Asymmetry in the nose
- Breathing problems related to nasal structure
If breathing is part of the problem, the septum, which is the wall between the nostrils, may need treatment. That procedure is known as septoplasty. Cosmetic rhinoplasty changes appearance, while functional nasal surgery focuses on airflow.
Ear Surgery Procedure (Otoplasty)
Ear surgery or otoplasty is used to adjust ear shape, position, or size. It is commonly used to correct ears that stick out.
Patients may consider otoplasty for:
- Prominent ears
- Uneven ear shape or position
- Overdeveloped ear cartilage folds
- Ears positioned far from the head
- Stretched or uneven earlobes
Both adults and children may choose or need otoplasty. For children, timing depends on ear growth, maturity, and family goals.
Upper Lip Lift Surgery
A lip lift shortens the space between the upper lip and the nose. This space is called the upper lip length. The procedure may make the upper lip look more visible without adding filler.
A lip lift may address:
- A longer upper lip
- Less visible upper teeth when smiling
- A thin upper lip appearance
- Poor balance between the upper and lower lips
- Changes around the mouth from aging
A surgical lip lift and lip filler are different treatments. Lip filler adds volume. The purpose of a lip lift is to change the upper lip position and shape rather than just add volume.
Chin, Cheek, and Jawline Implants
Facial implants may improve balance in the chin, cheeks, or jawline. Chin surgery may be used when the chin looks small compared with the nose or other facial features.
Common facial implant procedures include:
- Chin augmentation implants
- Surgical cheek implants
- Implants for the jawline
In some cases, chin surgery may be combined with rhinoplasty because the nose and chin affect facial balance in profile view.
Fat Transfer for Facial Volume
A patient’s own fat can be used in facial fat grafting to restore volume. The process usually involves taking fat from the abdomen or thighs, processing it, and placing it into selected facial areas.
Common facial fat grafting concerns include:
- Hollow cheeks
- Tear trough hollowing
- Volume loss after aging
- Soft tissue volume loss
- Facial imbalance
Fat grafting can support facial rejuvenation on its own or be combined with facelift surgery, eyelid surgery, or other facial procedures.
Plastic Surgery Procedures for the Breasts
Breast surgery is one of the most common areas of cosmetic and reconstructive plastic surgery in Canada. Patients may want to increase breast volume, reduce breast size, lift the breasts, improve symmetry, or restore the breast after cancer surgery.
Breast Implants and Fat Transfer Augmentation
Implants or fat transfer may be used in breast augmentation to increase breast size and improve shape. Breast implants may be filled with saline or silicone gel. The right implant option is based on body type, breast tissue, goals, and professional surgical guidance.
Patients may consider breast augmentation for:
- A naturally small breast shape
- Pregnancy-related breast volume loss
- Breast volume loss after weight change
- Asymmetry between the breasts
- A fuller look in clothing
Some patients feel nervous about results that may look too large or unnatural. Chest width, skin quality, lifestyle, and long-term maintenance should all be part of the plan.
Breast Lift for Sagging Breasts
Breasts that have dropped can be raised and reshaped with a breast lift, also called mastopexy. The main purpose is not to add volume. The procedure focuses on improving breast position and shape.
Breast lift surgery can help improve:
- Breasts that sag
- Downward-pointing nipples
- Areolas that have stretched
- Breast skin laxity
- Changes after pregnancy, breastfeeding, or weight loss
Some patients combine a breast lift with implants for more upper breast fullness. Some patients choose a breast lift without implants for a more natural result.
Reduction Mammoplasty
Breast reduction surgery makes the breasts smaller and lighter by removing extra breast tissue, fat, and skin.
Patients may consider breast reduction for:
- Neck pain
- Shoulder strain
- Pain in the back
- Shoulder grooves from bra straps
- Skin irritation under the breasts
- Trouble exercising
- Difficulty fitting bras or clothes
In Canada, breast reduction may be considered medically necessary for some patients. Provincial rules, symptoms, and medical assessment all affect coverage.
Breast Implant Revision Procedure
Breast implant revision surgery is used to change, adjust, or replace current breast implants. This surgery may address cosmetic concerns, medical concerns, or both.
Common reasons for breast implant revision include:
- Desire to change implant size
- Breast implant rupture
- Capsular contracture, where scar tissue around an implant becomes firm
- Implant position changes
- Uneven breast appearance
- Age-related changes after breast augmentation
- Breast implant removal
Some patients benefit from implant removal together with a breast lift. New implants may be chosen with a changed size, shape, or position.
Breast Reconstruction After Cancer Surgery
The breast may be rebuilt after mastectomy or lumpectomy with breast reconstruction. It may involve implants, natural tissue, or a combination.
Types of breast reconstruction may include:
- Breast reconstruction with implants
- Flap-based reconstruction
- Reconstruction of the nipple and areola
- Fat grafting for contour improvement
- Symmetry-focused revision surgery
This can be a deeply personal choice. For some patients, reconstruction feels right. Some patients choose a flat closure instead. Both options are valid.
Male Breast Reduction Surgery
Gynecomastia surgery treats enlarged male breast tissue. Liposuction, gland removal, or a combination may be used.
Gynecomastia surgery may help with:
- Puffy-looking nipples
- Gland tissue under the areola
- Extra chest volume
- An uneven male chest shape
- Discomfort being shirtless, exercising, or wearing fitted shirts
The best technique depends on whether the fullness is caused by fat, gland tissue, loose skin, or a mix of these.
Body Contouring Plastic Surgery Procedures
Extra skin, stubborn fat, or loose tissue may be improved with body contouring surgery. Body contouring is common after changes from pregnancy, aging, or major weight loss.
Abdominoplasty, or Tummy Tuck Surgery
A tummy tuck or abdominoplasty removes loose abdominal skin and tightens the abdominal wall. It can also repair separated abdominal muscles, known as diastasis recti.
A tummy tuck may help with:
- Sagging abdominal skin
- A lower abdominal overhang
- Stretch-marked skin below the belly button
- A weakened or separated abdominal wall
- Body changes from pregnancy or weight loss
Tummy tuck surgery is not a general weight-loss procedure. It is usually best for patients near a stable weight who want to improve abdominal shape.
Liposuction Surgery
Liposuction removes localized fat using a thin tube called a cannula. Liposuction is meant for body contouring, not overall weight loss.
Patients may consider liposuction for:
- Belly area
- Flanks, often called love handles
- Hips
- Inner or outer thighs
- Arm fullness
- Back fullness
- The chin and neck
- Chest
- Knee area
Good skin elasticity helps improve results. Liposuction alone may not be enough when the skin is loose. When skin laxity is significant, surgery to remove skin may be a better option.
Customized Mommy Makeover
A mommy makeover is tailored to the patient and may treat changes from pregnancy, breastfeeding, or weight change. This plan often brings together breast surgery and abdominal contouring.
Mommy makeover options may include:
- A tummy tuck procedure
- Mastopexy
- A breast augmentation procedure
- Reduction mammoplasty
- Surgical fat removal
- Fat transfer
The name “mommy makeover” can be misleading because similar body changes can affect many patients. It may be suitable for anyone with similar body changes. The best plan depends on health, goals, recovery time, and whether future pregnancy is planned.
Upper Arm Lift Procedure
An arm lift, also known as brachioplasty, removes loose skin from the upper arms.
An arm lift may help with:
- Loose skin along the upper arms
- Weight-loss-related arm skin looseness
- Upper arm changes from aging
- Feeling uncomfortable in sleeveless tops
- Skin rubbing or irritation
The improved arm shape comes with a scar along the inner or back portion of the arm. For many patients, the improved shape is worth the scar, but this should be discussed carefully.
Thigh Lift Procedure
Thigh lift surgery improves thigh contour by removing loose skin. Major weight loss is a common reason for thigh lift surgery.
Patients may consider a thigh lift for:
- Sagging skin on the inner thighs
- Rubbing in the inner thighs
- Pants that do not fit well
- Thigh heaviness caused by extra skin
- Thigh changes after weight loss or bariatric surgery
Different thigh lift incision patterns may be used. How much skin needs removal and where the looseness sits will guide the best option.
Body Lift After Weight Loss
A body lift removes loose skin around the lower body. It may improve the abdomen, hips, outer thighs, buttocks, and lower back.
A body lift may be considered after:
- Major weight loss
- Weight-loss surgery
- Pregnancy-related skin looseness
- Aging-related lower-body skin looseness
This is a more involved surgery with a longer recovery. Patients should be at a stable weight and in good overall health.
Fat Grafting to the Body
Fat grafting moves fat from one area of the body to another. The goal may be natural volume, smoother contour, or both.
Common areas for fat grafting include:
- Breast contour
- The buttocks
- Hip shape
- Facial soft tissue
- Surface irregularities after surgery or injury
Your own tissue is used in fat grafting, but not every transferred fat cell survives. Results can change over time, and more than one session may be needed.
Skin and Scar Plastic Surgery Procedures
Beyond face, breast, and body surgery, plastic surgery may include skin, scar, and soft tissue procedures.
Scar Improvement Treatment
Scar revision improves the look or feel of a scar. Scar revision may not erase a scar, but it can improve scars that are raised, tight, wide, or noticeable.
Common scar revision concerns include:
- Scars from surgery
- Injury scars
- Burn injury scars
- Thick scars
- Scars that limit comfort
- Movement-limiting scars
Treatment may involve surgery, copyright injections, laser treatment, silicone therapy, or a combination.
Mole, Cyst, and Skin Lesion Removal
When careful closure is important, plastic surgeons may remove benign skin lesions, cysts, moles, and lumps. A medical assessment may be needed for some lesions to rule out skin cancer.
Common reasons for removal include:
- Ongoing irritation
- A lesion that is getting larger
- Bleeding or crusting
- Cosmetic concern
- Diagnosis
- Comfort
If a mole changes or a skin lesion looks suspicious, it should be assessed by a qualified medical professional.
Plastic Surgery After Skin Cancer
After skin cancer removal, reconstruction may be needed to close the area and restore appearance. Skin cancer reconstruction is often needed on the face, nose, eyelids, ears, lips, scalp, and hands.
Skin cancer reconstruction may involve:
- A direct closure
- Reconstruction with a skin graft
- Local tissue flaps
- A more complex repair
The goal is to remove the cancer safely while preserving function and appearance as much as possible.
Non-Surgical Cosmetic Treatments
Some patients can meet their goals without surgery. For some patients, non-surgical treatments help soften early aging signs, facial lines, volume loss, and skin concerns. Non-surgical care often means less recovery time, but the results are usually temporary.
Wrinkle Relaxing Injections
BOTOX and other neuromodulators work by relaxing selected facial muscles. Expression lines are a common reason for BOTOX and neuromodulator treatment.
Patients may consider neuromodulators for:
- Frown lines
- Horizontal forehead lines
- Eye-area smile lines
- Lines on the sides of the nose
- Dimpling in the chin
- Neck muscle bands in some situations
The results do not last forever and usually need maintenance treatments. Most patients want a softer, rested look rather than a frozen face.
Dermal Fillers
Volume can be restored or added with dermal fillers. Hyaluronic acid, a gel-like substance used to shape and support soft tissue, is common in dermal fillers.
Dermal filler treatment may involve:
- Lips
- The cheeks
- Chin projection
- Jawline
- Under-eye volume loss
- Lines from the nose to the mouth
- Lines below the corners of the mouth
Product choice, technique, anatomy, and goals all affect filler results. To avoid an overfilled look, filler treatment should be planned carefully and conservatively.
Chemical Peels for Skin Texture and Tone
A chemical peel uses a controlled chemical solution to improve the outer layers of skin.
Chemical peels may address:
- Skin tone irregularity
- Tired-looking skin
- Fine lines
- Photoaging
- Light acne marks
- Rough skin texture
Chemical peels can range from light treatments to deeper treatments. Downtime depends on how strong the peel is.
Laser Skin Treatments and Energy-Based Procedures
Laser and energy-based procedures can address skin tone, redness, texture, unwanted hair growth, scars, and signs of aging.
Common treatment options may include:
- Laser resurfacing for texture
- IPL, or intense pulsed light
- Radiofrequency treatments
- Skin tightening treatments
- Laser-based hair reduction
- Vascular laser treatment for redness or broken vessels
The right laser or energy treatment depends on skin type, skin tone, and the concern. Patients with darker skin tones need careful treatment planning because pigment changes can be a concern.
Dermabrasion and Light Skin Resurfacing
A deeper resurfacing option called dermabrasion removes outer layers of skin. Microdermabrasion is a lighter, more superficial treatment.
These treatments may help with:
- Surface texture
- Light scarring
- Dull-looking skin
- Surface irregularity
- Fine lines
The best treatment depends on the patient’s skin quality, goals, available downtime, and comfort with risk.
Choosing a Procedure That Fits Your Goals
A good plastic surgery plan starts by identifying the concern instead of choosing a procedure name first. Many patients ask for one treatment and later learn that another option better matches their anatomy.
This can happen in situations such as:
- Upper lid heaviness may be related to eyelid skin, brow position, or both.
- A soft jawline may be caused by loose skin, neck bands, fat, or chin position.
- A full abdomen can be caused by fat, loose skin, muscle separation, or internal weight.
- Flat-looking breasts may need a lift, implants, fat grafting, or a combination.
- Under-eye bags may be caused by fat pads, hollowing, skin laxity, or pigmentation.
A clear plastic surgery plan should answer three key questions:
- What anatomy is causing the issue?
- Which option is the best match for that cause?
- What must be accepted with that option?
These trade-offs may include scars, downtime, swelling, cost, maintenance, and possible complications.
Patient Concerns Before Plastic Surgery
Most patients feel a mix of emotions before plastic surgery. Feeling excited and anxious at the same time is common. It is normal to worry about safety, pain, scars, recovery, cost, and whether the result will look natural.
“Will Plastic Surgery Change My Face Too Much?”
This is a very common worry. Most people want to look like a refreshed version of themselves, not like someone else. A natural result should match your facial features, body frame, age, and personal style.
The goal is often to improve balance, not chase perfection.
“How Long Is the Recovery?”
Recovery depends on the procedure. Little or no downtime may be needed after many non-surgical treatments. More extensive surgeries like tummy tuck, body lift, and mommy makeover require a more detailed recovery plan.
In general, recovery planning may include:
- Temporary swelling and bruising
- Limits on activity
- Recovery time before returning to work
- Post-operative follow-up visits
- Scar healing support
- Slow return to workouts
- Gradual settling before final results are seen
Recovery does not happen instantly. Many procedures improve over weeks and months.
“What Should I Know About Plastic Surgery Scars?”
A scar forms whenever an incision is made. The goal is to place scars as carefully as possible and help them heal well.
Scar quality depends on:
- Genetic healing patterns
- Skin tone
- The kind of surgery performed
- The incision location
- How much tension is on the wound
- Smoking and vaping status
- Exposure to the sun
- Scar aftercare
Most scars fade with time, but they do not fully disappear.
“Is Plastic Surgery Safe?”
All surgical procedures carry some risk. Patients should understand possible risks such as bleeding, infection, poor scarring, anesthesia issues, asymmetry, delayed healing, numbness, fluid buildup, and dissatisfaction.
Many factors affect plastic surgery safety, including:
- Your health
- Your medications
- Whether you smoke or use nicotine
- The procedure being done
- The surgery facility
- The anesthesia plan
- The surgeon’s training and experience
- Your aftercare and follow-up
A good consultation should explain benefits, risks, alternatives, and what is realistic.
Plastic Surgery in Canada
Plastic surgery in Canada is guided by medical licensing, provincial colleges, hospital systems, surgical facilities, and professional standards. Patients should know the difference between marketing terms and recognized medical training.
Choosing a Qualified Plastic Surgeon
If you are researching plastic surgery in Canada, look closely at training and credentials. The surgeon should have medical training, surgical training, and certification in the specialty of plastic surgery.
Helpful questions include:
- Are you certified in plastic surgery?
- Are you licensed by the provincial medical college?
- Do you commonly perform this type of surgery?
- What facility will be used for the procedure?
- What type of anesthesia is used and who provides it?
- Which risks are most relevant to me?
- How are complications handled?
- How many follow-up appointments are included?
- Can I review examples of similar cases?
These questions are not meant to be difficult. It is about protecting your health and making an informed decision.
Cost of Cosmetic Surgery in Canada
The cost of cosmetic surgery in Canada can vary a lot. Procedure complexity, surgeon experience, anesthesia, facility fees, implants or devices, garments, follow-up care, and location can all affect price.
In major Canadian cities such as Vancouver, Toronto, Calgary, Edmonton, Ottawa, and Montreal, fees may be higher because of overhead and demand. Costs may vary in smaller Canadian cities, but price should not outweigh safety, training, and follow-up care.
If a very low price means less attention to safety, training, facility standards, or aftercare, it can be a warning sign.
Medical Tourism Compared With Plastic Surgery in Canada
Some Canadians think about travelling outside the country for lower-cost surgery. Although this may sound appealing, extra risks should be considered.
Concerns with medical tourism may include:
- Less access to follow-up care
- Travel during early recovery
- Infection-related complications
- Different facility or safety standards
- Challenges getting procedure records
- Complications that are harder to manage back in Canada
- Possible language barriers
- Possible costs for corrective surgery
Staying closer to home for surgery can help with follow-up, especially if swelling, healing problems, or complications need attention.
How to Prepare for a Plastic Surgery Consultation
A consultation is your chance to learn what is possible, what is safe, and what is realistic. A consultation should not feel rushed or pressured.
Before the visit, preparation can help:
- List your main concerns before the visit.
- Bring a list of medications and supplements.
- Be ready to share your medical history.
- Tell the truth about smoking, vaping, cannabis, and nicotine use.
- Bring photos if they help show your goals.
- Discuss recovery, scarring, risks, and other options.
- Talk about realistic results based on your body or face.
A helpful consultation should explain your options clearly. In some cases, the best recommendation is to wait, choose a smaller treatment, improve health first, or avoid surgery.
Is Plastic Surgery Right for You?
Good candidates for plastic surgery are usually healthy, informed, and realistic. A good candidate understands that surgery may improve appearance, but it cannot create perfection or fix every life problem.
You may be a good candidate if:
- You are in good general health
- You know what concern you want to address
- Your weight is stable if you are considering body surgery
- You do not smoke or can stop before and after surgery
- You understand the recovery process
- You are comfortable with the risks and limits
- You are choosing the procedure for yourself
- Your expectations are realistic
A safer plan may involve waiting if you are pregnant, planning major weight loss, using nicotine, managing unstable health, or feeling pressured.
Combined Plastic Surgery Procedures
It may be safe to combine some procedures. In some cases, procedures should be separated into different surgeries. Doing more than one procedure at once may shorten total recovery, but it can increase surgery length and healing stress.
Common combined surgery plans include:
- Facelift with neck lift
- Upper facial rejuvenation with eyelid surgery and brow lift
- Rhinoplasty with chin surgery
- Breast lift with breast augmentation
- Abdominoplasty with liposuction
- A customized mommy makeover
- Body lift plus thigh or arm contouring
- Combining facial rejuvenation and fat grafting
A safe combined plan should consider health, surgery length, anesthesia, recovery support, and risk.
Final Thoughts About Plastic Surgery Procedure Types in Canada
Plastic surgery in Canada includes a wide range of cosmetic and reconstructive procedures. Many cosmetic procedures focus on the face, breasts, or body. Some procedures restore tissue after cancer, injury, burns, or medical conditions. Non-surgical treatments may also help with wrinkles, volume loss, skin texture, and early aging changes.
The best procedure is not always the procedure people ask about first. The best choice is the one that fits your anatomy, goals, health, and comfort level.
Every plastic surgery plan should put safety, natural-looking results, clear expectations, and proper follow-up care first. Whether the procedure is eyelid surgery, rhinoplasty, breast augmentation, tummy tuck, liposuction, facelift surgery, or reconstructive plastic surgery, the first step is understanding what each option can and cannot do.